Intrinsically Safe is a designation given by certifying agencies that electrical instruments have been designed and manufactured to operate safely in hazardous environments. This is generally accomplished by limiting the electrical and thermal energy to below the level that can cause the ignition of flammable gases and/or dust. Products are tested and certified intrinsically safe by a number of independent certifying agencies including Underwriters Laboratories (UL), Canadian Standards Association (CSA), Factory Mutual Research Corporation (FM), and the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA).